Freezing, Heating and Cooling - Worksheet - Year 4

The Year 4 worksheet on Freezing, Heating and Cooling explores the changes in state that substances undergo due to temperature variations. Freezing is the process where a liquid turns into a solid when the temperature drops below its freezing point. This is commonly observed when water becomes ice. Heating, on the other hand, is when the temperature of a substance is increased, which can lead to a solid melting into a liquid, or a liquid evaporating into a gas. Cooling is the reverse process, where a substance loses heat, potentially causing a gas to condense into a liquid or a liquid to freeze into a solid.

Understanding how solids, liquids, and gases change state is crucial. When a solid is heated, its particles gain energy and start to move more freely, leading to melting, where the solid becomes a liquid. Conversely, when a liquid is cooled, it loses energy, and its particles slow down and become more fixed, resulting in freezing. The terms 'freezing' and 'melting' specifically refer to the transition between the solid and liquid states. Freezing points to the change from liquid to solid, while melting is the change from solid to liquid. These principles are fundamental to grasping how substances behave under different temperature conditions.