Why do these changes happen? - Changes as you grow - Year 5

The topic under discussion for Year 5 students is the fascinating process of growth and the changes that occur during this period. The question posed is, "Why do these changes happen?" The answer lies within the brain, where a transformation begins as early as two years before any physical changes are visible. This transformation marks the transition from childhood to adulthood. It is orchestrated by the hypothalamus and pituitary gland, two critical structures in the brain. These parts significantly increase the production of several hormones, including the growth hormone, LH (Luteinizing Hormone), and FSH (Follicle-Stimulating Hormone). These hormones collaborate to trigger the changes we observe during growth.

It is important to note that while both boys and girls produce these hormones, they have different effects on the body depending on the sex of the individual. Hormones are essentially chemical messengers created by various glands within the body, and they have specific target areas where they exert their influence. For instance, the growth hormone, which is secreted by a gland in the brain, specifically targets the bones in the legs, feet, and arms, causing them to grow longer. There is a multitude of hormones that travel through the bloodstream, each with distinct roles to play in the body's growth and development. Understanding these changes helps to demystify the process of puberty and the life cycles of humans and animals alike.