Addition and subtraction within 20 - Add by making 10 - Presentation

In this engaging lesson on addition and subtraction within 20, students are introduced to the concept of 'Add by Making 10' using tens frames. The lesson utilises visual aids to help children understand how to form the number 10 by combining different quantities. For instance, if Zach places 3 counters in a tens frame, Tia must determine how many more counters are needed to reach 10. This interactive approach encourages students to visually recognise that adding 7 more counters to Zach's 3 gives a total of 10, thus establishing the number bond 3 + 7 = 10. Through a series of activities, children are prompted to look at tens frames and write down various number bonds that sum up to 10, such as 1 + 9 and 6 + 4.

As the lesson progresses, the focus shifts to adding on from 10. Pupils are presented with two tens frames, one fully occupied with 10 counters and another partially filled, and they practice adding the two quantities together. For example, adding 4 counters to a full tens frame results in the calculation 10 + 4 = 14. This method is also applied to other combinations, with students being guided to move counters to complete a tens frame and thus simplify the addition process. The lesson concludes with independent work where students read calculations, use tens frames and counters to make 10, and then draw what their frame looks like, reinforcing their understanding of addition by making 10.