Earth’s Composition - Student Lesson Outline 

We've been to the Moon but we've barely scratched the surface of our own planet! Trace explains what it would take for humans to see into the center of the Earth and why we haven't yet made the trek.

Read More: 
Electromagnetically driven westward drift and inner-core superrotation in Earth's core
http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2013/09/13/1307825110
"Seismic probing of the earth's deep interior has shown that the inner core, the solid core of our planet, rotates slightly faster (i.e., eastward) than the rest of the earth."

World's Deepest Mines Highlight Risks of New Gold Rush
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/11/071106-africa-mine.html
"As gold prices reach near-record highs, South Africa's mining companies are keeping up by drilling to record depths."

How the Mariana Trench Became Earth's Deepest Point
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2012/04/120405-james-cameron-mariana-trench-deepsea-challenger-oceans-science/
"The Mariana Trench isn't really the deep, narrow furrow that the word "trench" implies. Rather, the abyss marks the location of a subduction zone."

Will the magnetic field of the Earth reverse its direction in the future? Will this cause problems?
http://curious.astro.cornell.edu/question.php?number=523
"The magnetic field of the Earth has actually switched its direction many many times during Earth's history. Although this is not completely understood, the leading theory of how it works is that Earth's magnetic field is caused by the motion of the liquid outer core. The churning of the liquid in the outer core acts as a giant electromagnet, moving electrical charges around, in what is known as the 'geomagnetic dynamo.'"

What If Earth's Magnetic Poles Flip?
http://www.livescience.com/18426-earth-magnetic-poles-flip.html
"The end of the world as we know it could come in any number of ways, depending on who you ask. Some people believe global cataclysm will occur when Earth's magnetic poles reverse. When north goes south, they say, the continents will lurch in one direction or the other, triggering massive earthquakes, rapid climate change and species extinctions."

New insights solve 300-year-old problem: The dynamics of the Earth's core
http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-09/uol-nis091313.php
"Scientists at the University of Leeds have solved a 300-year-old riddle about which direction the centre of the earth spins."

Earth's Magnetic Field Shifts, Forcing Airport Runway Change
http://www.livescience.com/9231-earths-magnetic-field-shifts-forcing-airport-runway-change.html
"The magnetic north pole is currently hovering over the North Sea and moving toward Siberia. This means two Florida airports are renumbering their runways."

Watch More:
Rare Earth Elements:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xqoQfN9DgNs
Biggest Volcanoes:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xplpnLeeJxI
Great Wall Of China:
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w48FuAg7jOA
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The Mystery of the Earth's Core Explained

...or why do we live on an onion made of magma?

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Thanks to Miles Traer and Mike Osborne for geophysics help on this one!

Why does Earth have a liquid core, and how do we know?
http://scienceblogs.com/startswithabang/2011/09/28/why-does-the-earth-have-a-liqu/ 

How many pennies would you have to stack to melt the one on the bottom? http://www.reddit.com/r/askscience/comments/2g8jj9/how_many_pennies_need_to_be_stacked_before_the/ 

Why are the inner planets rocky and the outer ones are gas giants? 
http://www.quora.com/Why-are-the-inner-planets-rocky-and-the-middle-planets-large-gas-giants 

Produced for PBS Digital Studios 

Joe Hanson - Host and writer
Joe Nicolosi - Director
Amanda Fox - Producer, Spotzen IncKate Eads - Associate Producer
Katie Graham - Director of Photography
Andrew Matthews - Editing/Motion Graphics
John Knudsen - Gaffer 
Dalton Allen - Post-production Intern

Theme music:
"Ouroboros" by Kevin MacLeod

Stock images via Shutterstock

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Why Does The Earth Have Layers?

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♥ Watch this movie for free - https://www.sifrun.com/movie/the-core_(2003)/

✔ Unblock blocked websites - https://www.sifrun.com/url/vpn-download/
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Here Aaron Eckhart explaining about what is core and what is the future risk.

The Earth's Core - Complete Description by Aaron Eckhart - The Core (2003) Scene

Without the Earth's core, would we be just another nameless planet?

Deep beneath the Earth’s surface, there’s a scorching ball of iron surrounded by an ocean of boiling hot liquid metal – the Earth’s core.

It’s as toasty as the surface of the Sun, with enough heat to brew more than a trillion cups of coffee per hour. That’s over a hundred coffees for every single person on the planet.

But, what if this sizzling core suddenly cooled down?

Source and more: https://insh.world/nature/what-if-the-earths-core-cooled-down/
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What If The Earth’s Core Cooled Down?

Scientists have just discovered something deep in the earth's crust that could tell us a lot about outer space. What exactly did they find?

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Read More:
Orcutt's Expedition Finds Signs of Life in Earth's Mantle 
https://www.bigelow.org/index.php/news/current-news/orcutts-expedition-finds-signs-life-earths-mantle
"An international team of scientists - recently returned from a 47-day research expedition to the middle of the Atlantic Ocean - have collected an unprecedented sequence of rock samples from the shallow mantle of the ocean crust that bear signs of life, unique carbon cycling, and ocean crust movement."

A Decades-Long Quest to Drill into the Earth's Mantle May Soon Hit Paydirt
http://www.smithsonianmag.com/science-nature/decades-long-quest-drill-earths-mantle-may-soon-hit-pay-dirt-180957908/?no-ist
"Since the 1960s, researchers have attempted to drill into Earth's mantle but have not yet met with success. Nevertheless, those efforts have shown that the technology and expertise to drill to the mantle exists. And now the first phase of the most recent attempt to reach this important part of our planet is boring through a thin section of ocean crust in the southwestern Indian Ocean."

What's at the Bottom of the Deepest Hole on Earth? 
http://www.iflscience.com/environment/deepest-hole-world
"Soviet scientists in the 1970s decided to probe deeper than humanity has ever done before. For the next 24 years, they drilled on and off into the Earth's crust. The result was the Kola Superdeep Borehole and a drill-depth of more than 7.5 miles (12 kilometers)."
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What Can We Learn By Drilling Into The Earth's Mantle?

mantle convection cells and continental drift.wmv

Earth’s Composition - Student Presentation 

Earth’s Composition - Teaching Presentation 

Earth's Composition - Exit Ticket

Earth’s Composition is a lesson by Teach Science with Fergy, containing engaging videos, presentations and activities to help develop students' science knowledge.

Earth’s Composition - Student Lesson Outline

Science Resource Description