Biochemistry - Bell Ringers Activity Marking Sheet is a worksheet by Teach Science with Fergy for students to work through, along with the supplementary resources that you will find as part of this lesson

Biochemistry - Bell Ringers Activity Marking Sheet

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This animation uses narration and illustrations to explain the greenhouse effect and how it relates to climate change. It starts by describing the Earth's energy balance and the natural greenhouse effect. It then explains how human activities are contributing to an enhanced greenhouse effect that produces global warming.


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The Greenhouse Effect

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Want to learn more about the topic in this week’s video? Here are some key words/phrases to get your googling started: 
- Radiation balance - incoming radiant energy from the sun minus outgoing energy heading into space. 
- Infrared radiation - electromagnetic radiation that is invisible to us; comes in longer wavelengths than visible light and provides energy transfer we call heat.  
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References:

Virtual Chembook, Elmhurst College, Charles E. Ophardt
http://elmhcx9.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/globalwarmA5.html

Climate and Earth’s Energy Budget, NASA Earth Observatory
http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/Features/EnergyBalance/page6.php

Infrared spectroscopy/Caltech (mirrored from UCLA chemistry)
http://www.wag.caltech.edu/home/jang/genchem/infrared.htm
http://elmhcx9.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/globalwarmA5.html

How Do Greenhouse Gases Actually Work?

Jimmy takes a moment to talk about climate change and the confusing political argument that has emerged around it. NASA says that 97 percent of climate scientists agree that the warming we are experiencing is very likely due to human activity - but some politicians still want us to believe it’s all a hoax. So we enlisted the help of real climate scientists to clear some things up for us.

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Jimmy Kimmel and Scientists on Climate Change
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Jimmy Kimmel and Scientists on Climate Change

In the fight against climate change, nature itself has its own weapons to try to keep the average temperature of the planet from increasing. Carbon sinks are natural  (oceans and forests) and artificial deposits (certain technologies and chemicals) that absorb and capture carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere and reduce its concentration in the air. Carbon sinks are an important help to combat climate change, but they do not solve it. It is essential to abandon our dependence on fossil fuels and to make a strong commitment to renewable energies.

More information: http://www.activesustainability.com/climate-change/carbon-sinks-what-are/

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Professor Brian Cox has verbally sparred with a newly elected Australian politician who believes climate change is a global conspiracy. The British physicist behind BBC's Wonders of the Universe was a guest on the adversarial panel show Q&A. Also on the Australian TV show was senator-elect Malcolm Roberts from the anti-immigration One Nation party. The celebrity scientist was dumbfounded by Mr Roberts' claim that climate change data was manipulated by Nasa.

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Climate Change: Professor Brian Cox clashes with sceptic Malcolm Roberts - BBC News

What would happen if Earth became 2º C (4.6º F) warmer. 

In 2015, the Paris Agreement declared that the world should try to keep Earth's warming trend to well below 2°C by 2100. Here's what would happen if temperatures did increase by 2° C. Sea levels will likely rise by 1.6 feet. Flooding coastlines worldwide. While the amount of fresh water may increase for high latitudes, East Africa, and parts of India and Sahel, subtropical regions may lose nearly one-third of its fresh water.

Making matters worse, heat waves could intensify. Tropical regions may experience heat waves for up to 3 months which will affect the growth of certain staple crops. These areas will likely produce less wheat and corn but slightly more soy and rice.Which could affect overall diets worldwide. Likewise, North Asia may see a boost in soy crops. Growing up to a quarter more soy each year. 

For sea life, the situation is more dire. Warmer oceans will do irreversible damage to 99% of coral reefs. As the reefs die off, it will disrupt ecosystems for up to 9 million different species. This scenario was forecasted by the European Geosciences Union in 2016. In 2017, another team of scientists estimated there's a 95% chance Earth will warm more than 2 ºC by 2100. 

Bleak forecasts may not be enough to stop humans from warming Earth. But at least they're a guide on how to prepare for a frightening future.

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What Would Happen If The Earth Became 2 Degrees Warmer

Glacier National Park is losing its iconic glaciers to a changing climate. In the mid-1800s, this Montana landscape was covered by 150 glaciers—today only 25 remain. To show the decrease in glacier size, scientists from the USGS Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center photograph the same areas where glaciers were photographed in the early 1900s. Dan Fagre, a USGS research ecologist, has been studying climate change in the park for more than 20 years. Fagre and his colleagues discuss what melting glaciers and climate change mean for the future of the park, which is expected to be nearly glacier free by 2030, based on present warming trends.
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STILL PHOTOS: Lisa McKeon, Kevin Jacks, W.C. Alden, M.R. Campbell, Blase Reardon, T.J. Hileman, Dan Fagre, Courtesy Glacier National Park Archives, and USGS
ADDITIONAL WILDLIFE FOOTAGE: Glacier National Park

Photo Evidence: Glacier National Park Is Melting Away | National Geographic 
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Photo Evidence: Glacier National Park Is Melting Away | National Geographic

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Photo Credits

Corrientes-oceanicas Map By Dr. Michael Pidwirny (see http://www.physicalgeography.net) [Public domain], via Wikimedia Commons

References / Further Reading:

http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v531/n7596/full/nature17145.html
https://usclivar.org/amoc/organization/amoc-science-team
http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/v5/n5/full/nclimate2554.html
http://scied.ucar.edu/longcontent/melting-arctic-sea-ice-and-ocean-circulation
https://coast.noaa.gov/digitalcoast/tools/slr
http://blogs.scientificamerican.com/plugged-in/drown-your-town-what-does-your-hometown-look-like-with-sea-level-rise/
http://ngm.nationalgeographic.com/2013/09/rising-seas/if-ice-melted-map
http://eau.sagepub.com/content/19/1/17.short?rss=1&ssource=mfc
http://thewatchers.adorraeli.com/2013/01/29/rising-sea-level-will-displace-a-substantial-fraction-of-the-human-population/
http://www.npr.org/templates/story/story.php?storyId=9162438
http://www.gizmodo.com.au/2016/08/rising-sea-levels-threaten-over-a-trillion-dollars-worth-of-us-homes/
http://www.nature.com/nclimate/journal/v3/n9/full/nclimate1979.html
http://scied.ucar.edu/longcontent/rising-sea-level
https://www.acs.org/content/acs/en/climatescience/oceansicerocks/iceandclimate.html
http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2011/11/111116-antarctica-mountains-mystery-ice-science-earth/
http://water.usgs.gov/edu/earthwherewater.html
http://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2016/climate-trends-continue-to-break-records

What If All The Ice Melted On Earth? ft. Bill Nye

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