Multiplication and Division - Efficient Multiplication - Planning

In Year 4, during the Spring term's first week of Multiplication and Division, students take a step towards mastering efficient multiplication techniques. The lesson is supported by resources such as base ten blocks, differentiated worksheets, and a presentation. Key vocabulary introduced includes multiplication, times tables, partition, equal, equivalent, and representation. Students begin by reviewing factor pairs and the application of commutative and associative laws to expand their calculation skills. They learn the concept of partitioning 2-digit numbers, which involves breaking down a number into its tens and ones to simplify multiplication. For example, to multiply 25 by 8, they learn to first partition 25 into 20 and 5, multiply each by 8, and then add the results to find the final answer.

The lesson progresses with alternative methods for efficient multiplication. Activity 2 introduces using factor pairs, such as changing 25 x 8 to 5 x 5 x 8, and then using known multiplication facts to find the answer. In Activity 3, students explore the strategy of approximating to a nearby multiple of 10, such as 25 x 10, and then adjusting by subtracting the excess. Activity 4 challenges students to double a number and then halve it to find the product, highlighting that this approach is particularly useful with easier numbers. The independent worksheet allows children to practice these strategies. Reflection at the end of the lesson includes a 'Give me five' exercise where students consider what they have learned, the skills they used, any difficulties faced, the support they received, and the key points to remember. Differentiated outcomes are provided, with steps for working towards expected levels, reminders for expected levels, and challenges for those working at greater depth, including dividing odd numbers by 2.