Addition and Subtraction - Subtract four digit numbers (one exchange) - Planning

In the Year 4 curriculum focusing on Addition and Subtraction during the Autumn term, a particular lesson is dedicated to teaching students how to subtract four-digit numbers with one exchange. The lesson begins with a recap of previous learning and a starter activity that prompts children to complete a set of 'fluent in four' questions. The class teaching input then introduces the concept of exchanging when there aren't enough counters in a column on a place value grid. Resources such as place value counters and grids, worksheets, and a presentation are used to facilitate learning. Key vocabulary terms such as 'exchange', 'subtraction', 'difference', 'thousands', 'hundreds', 'tens', and 'ones' are highlighted, with vocabulary cards available for reinforcement.

During the lesson, children engage in practical activities to grasp the concept of exchanging. They are guided through placing counters on the place value grid and subtracting numbers, noticing when an exchange is necessary due to insufficient counters in a column. The lesson progresses to partner work, where the importance of place value is emphasized, and students practice exchanging hundreds for tens and thousands for hundreds. To consolidate understanding, they are introduced to the column method, performing the calculations both practically and abstractly. Differentiated worksheets allow for tailored learning experiences, and the lesson concludes with a plenary session where students reflect on their learning, identifying the skills they used and the aspects they found challenging. Common misconceptions are addressed, ensuring students understand the correct exchange process and avoid common errors such as reversing digits during subtraction.