Addition and subtraction - Add three-digit and one-digit numbers crossing 10 - Planning

In a detailed lesson plan for Year 3 students, the focus is on adding a three-digit number to a one-digit number, specifically crossing the ten's boundary. This concept introduces children to the idea of 'exchange' when the ones column exceeds nine. The lesson starts with a 'fluent in four' questions to recap prior knowledge and is followed by practical group work where children play an 'exchange game' using Base 10 materials and a place value mat. Through this game, they learn to recognise when an exchange is needed, shouting "exchange!" to swap ten ones for one ten. Three distinct methods are covered in the lesson to help students understand the addition process. Method 1 uses concrete resources to visualise the addition and exchange process, Method 2 focuses on number bonds within ten and bridging to the next ten, and Method 3 employs a number line to model jumps to the nearest multiple of ten. Each method aims to build confidence and understanding in handling numbers and the concept of exchange.

The lesson also incorporates reasoning challenges and partner talk, allowing children to practise and discuss their mathematical thinking using stem sentences as visual cues and support. Key questions prompt students to consider the impact of adding ones on the tens column, the significance of zero as a placeholder, and the importance of number bonds for partitioning. The lesson concludes with a reflective 'Give me five' activity, where students assess what they've learned, the skills used, and what they found challenging. Differentiated resources are provided for varying levels of ability, ranging from those working towards the expected level, who are provided with starting numbers on their number lines, to those working at greater depth, who face complex word and pictorial problems involving addition and subtraction with exchanges.