Multiplication and division - Vocabulary 2

Multiplication in Year 1 is introduced as repeated addition, which means adding the same number multiple times. For example, 5 added to itself five times (5 + 5 + 5 + 5 + 5) is the same as multiplying 5 by 5. This concept is further explained through the term 'lots of', where '6 lots of 2s' indicates the addition of the number 2, six times, resulting in a total of 12. Students are encouraged to visualise multiplication as adding equal groups of numbers, such as '3 equal groups of 5' equating to 15 when added together (10 + 10 + 10).

The use of arrays aids in understanding multiplication, with rows representing a horizontal line of objects and columns a vertical line. Arrays combine rows and columns to help students multiply through visual grouping. For instance, an array showing 5 + 5 + 5 equals 15. The concept of 'multiples' is also introduced, where counting in 2s, 5s, or 10s from zero helps identify the multiples of those numbers. Division, on the other hand, involves splitting numbers into equal parts or groups, either by sharing or grouping. For example, dividing 8 cakes into 2 equal plates would result in 4 cakes per plate. The lesson is rounded off with the vocabulary terms 'double', 'total', and 'how many altogether?', which are crucial in understanding the basic operations of multiplication and division.