The way immigrants were treated in Britain: 1919 to 1948 - Info sheet

Between 1919 and 1948, immigrants in Britain faced a complex landscape of acceptance and prejudice. The presence of anti-Semitic groups, such as the Blackshirts, highlighted the tensions of the era, culminating in the Battle of Cable Street in 1936. This significant event in East London showcased a powerful display of unity as Jews and non-Jews stood together to thwart the fascists' march through a predominantly Jewish neighbourhood, demonstrating that collective action against racism could indeed be effective. Despite the evident anti-Semitism, Britain was not always welcoming to Jewish refugees fleeing Nazi Germany, though it did provide a haven for around 10,000 Jewish children through the Kindertransport initiative on the eve of World War Two.

During the war, the treatment of immigrants varied further; Italian members of British communities were often interned, being labelled as "enemy aliens". In contrast, troops from the colonies, including African, Arab, and Indian seamen, were enlisted and fought valiantly for Britain, playing a pivotal role in the merchant convoys that were essential for the war effort. Following the conflict, Polish servicemen who had contributed to the war were permitted to make the UK their home, eventually being joined by their families. These events reflect the fluctuating attitudes towards immigrants in Britain during the first half of the 20th century, with responses ranging from hostility to recognition of their significant contributions.