Awarded an OBE for Services to Education, Clive Davies has designed and built these schemes around progression and enquiry. Focus Education resources are of the highest educational quality.

Focus Education

Pzaz is a specialist, primary science provider, with schemes written for the non-specialist primary teacher. Created by a science education expert, Pzaz covers every statement of the National Curriculum for Reception to Year 6.

Reception - Year 6, Science

Pzaz

VotesforSchools provides award-winning PSHE resources to prompt discussion on challenging issues. Young people learn about everything from politics to climate change to ensure they have an informed opinion of the world, and are equipped with all they need to know when they leave school.

Years 1-6, PSHE

Votes For Schools

Created by primary specialists, Teacher of Primary offers a bank of in-depth, highly specialised lessons so that schools and teachers can focus on the particular learning goals of their setting.

EYFS-Year 6, Maths, English & Science

Teacher of Primary

PE Resources Bank firmly believes in the power of Physical Education and transforming young people’s lives. PE Resources Bank aims to provide high quality teaching materials for staff to use and promote a genuine love for learning. 

PE Resources Bank

Master The Curriculum

Striver

KS2 Gems

Guinea Pig Education

Livello is a specialist literary provider, they offer half-termly units built around highly engaging and exciting books that will inspire a love of reading while teaching comprehension, grammar and composition. Start from the books they love, succeed with strategies from Livello.

Years 1-6, English

Livello

Learning Mole uses fun and engaging animations to capture childrenâ€™s imagination and inspire curiosity. Use Learning Moleâ€™s videos as a perfect jumping off point to start great discussions and stimulate learning.

EYFS-Year 6, Maths, English, Topic & PSHE

Learning Mole

Music Playtime has been created by a Key Stage 1 and Early Years Music education specialist. The schemes are built in recognition of the fact that most primary teachers are not music specialists. Access the knowledge and the ideas you need to feel confident teaching music.

Music Playtime

1Decision

Active Music Digital

All Aboard Learning

Flashcards to add to your GCSE and A-Level revision lessons.

Years 10-13, Various

Quizlet

Sir Linkalot is the award-winning future of spelling. Students learn to spell any word they want from 'was' to 'onomatopoeia' by watching short, funny animations. Never fail a spelling test again!

Sir Linkalot

Get The Buzz! is a specialist in Maths Games for Key Stage 1 and Key Stage 2. Engaging maths games can help to build an enjoyment for maths and can consolidate learning so that all students are benefitting.

Years 1-6, Maths

Get The Buzz

All students can enjoy and improve their achievement in mathematics. It is no longer acceptable to say that only certain types of people can learn mathematics. Can Do Maths provides resources to support teachers and parents to help children and students believe they 'Can Do Maths'.

CanDo Maths

PlanBee is the hive of ready-to-use primary resources for KS1 and KS2, with time-saving resources for busy teachers!

KS1 & KS2

PlanBee

Max Maths is a specialist primary school maths provider that uses the Singapore Mastery Approach to follow the Cambridge Primary maths curriculum framework.

Max Maths

Everyone can do maths: Everyone can! White Rose is used in most UK Primary schools and is the most trusted primary maths provider in the UK. Everything White Rose offers is created by maths experts and directed at teachers using a mastery approach to teaching maths.

White Rose

'Cops and robbers - What do you know about reversible and irreversible changes?' is a resource for assessing pupil knowledge at the end of the 4th Grade unit, Reversible and Irreversible Changes

Properties and Changes of Materials

Cops and robbers - What do you know about reversible and irreversible changes?

4th Grade Science lesson from the unit Reversible and Irreversible Changes. This lesson uses an enquiry-approach method, and will facilitate students answering the question 'How can mixtures be separated including through filtering, sieving and evaporating?'

How can mixtures be separated including through filtering, sieving and evaporating?

Mini quiz - Which materials dissolve in water?' is a resource for assessing pupil knowledge at the end of the 4th Grade unit, Reversible and Irreversible Changes

Mini quiz - Which materials dissolve in water?

'Reversible or irreversible?' is a resource for assessing pupil knowledge at the end of the 4th Grade unit, Reversible and Irreversible Changes

Reversible or irreversible?

4th Grade Science lesson from the unit Reversible and Irreversible Changes. This lesson uses an enquiry-approach method, and will facilitate students answering the question 'What does reversible and irreversible changes mean?'

What does reversible and irreversible changes mean?

4th Grade Science lesson from the unit Reversible and Irreversible Changes. This lesson uses an enquiry-approach method, and will facilitate students answering the question 'How has the science related to irreversible changes helped with crime work?'

How has the science related to irreversible changes helped with crime work?

<p>Students can get a deeper understanding of reversible and irreversible changes with the assistance of this interactive teaching tool, entitled "Examples of reversible changes - Worksheet." This provides educators with a simple framework for introducing the ideas of reversible change and irreversible change to their pupils. There are pictures and examples to assist clarify the processes that occur during reversible and irreversible transformations. This worksheet forms part of lesson titled, ‘What does reversible and irreversible change mean’, which covers the following science topics:</p><ul>  <li>Graphs and pictures explaining the difference between temporary and permanent transformations</li>  <li>Chemical reactions (when sugar crystals dissolve), reversible reactions (when chocolate melts), and irreversible mixes are all examples of changes that may go either way (raw egg and liquid water)</li>  <li>Physical phenomena are explained, including how and why water freezes into ice and how and why water vapor condenses into air.</li>  <li>Directions for completing the worksheet to find out what "reversible and irreversible changes" entail.</li></ul><p>This 'Examples of reversible changes - Worksheet' may be a great tool for instructors who need to simplify the explanation of challenging scientific ideas to their pupils, and it will help them save time in the classroom. Its visual aids make it a pleasure to study the distinction between irreversible and reversible transformations. The worksheet is a useful tool for stressing the significance of understanding these shifts and how they might alter commonplace materials and chemicals. This worksheet is a fun and engaging approach for students and instructors to learn about the distinction between reversible and irreversible changes.</p>

Examples of reversible changes - Worksheet

4th Grade Science lesson from the unit Reversible and Irreversible Changes. This lesson uses an enquiry-approach method, and will facilitate students answering the question 'How can you set up an investigation to find which materials can and cannot be changed back to their original state?'

How can you set up an investigation to find which materials can and cannot be changed back to their original state?

'Separating, filtering and dissolving - What have you already learned?' is a resource from 'How can mixtures be separated including through filtering, sieving and evaporating?', a 4th Grade Science lesson from the unit Reversible and Irreversible Changes. This lesson uses an enquiry-approach method, and will facilitate students answering the question 'How can mixtures be separated including through filtering, sieving and evaporating?'

Separating, filtering and dissolving - What have you already learned?

Thermal and Electrical Conductivity - Lesson Plan is part of the lesson Thermal and Electrical Conductivity    Students will learn about thermal and electrical conductivity as part of their learning about properties and changes of materials, as specified by the national curriculum in England: science programmes of study.

Thermal and Electrical Conductivity - Lesson Plan

<p>In this lesson, students will learn about hardness as a property of materials. The students will build on their previous learning about everyday materials from years 1-4. In year 1, students identified and named a variety of everyday materials, in year 2 they found out how shapes of solid objects can be changed, in year 3 they compared and grouped different rocks, and in year 4 they compared and grouped materials into solids, liquids, and gases. This lesson is not part of the 5th Grade Chemistry curriculum. However, it is linked to cross-curricular subjects such as History, Design and Technology, and English.</p> <p>The main activity in this lesson is to produce a report on the Mohs scale and classify items based on their hardness. Students will use the Mohs scale to identify minerals in the field and it goes from 1-10, with the higher number indicating a harder mineral. Talc is 1 on the scale and diamond is 10. In the materials classification activity, students will use their own scale to classify items based on their hardness and write descriptions of the properties of each material. Finally, in the activity on the hardness of materials, students will physically test the hardness of various materials using a glass slide, copper coin, paper clip, fingernail, and other materials. The properties of the materials studied will be linked to their use, such as rubber being stretchy (elastic), making it ideal for elastic bands.</p> <h2>Misconceptions and Keywords</h2> <p>The lesson will address common misconceptions such as all metals being solids at room temperature and all metals being hard. It will also introduce keywords such as hardness, Mohs Scale, mineral, flexible, elastic, stretchy, and brittle. Influential scientists such as Alexander Parkes, John Wesley Hyatt, Leo Baekeland, Eugen Bauman, Wallace Carothers, and Friedrich Mohs will also be mentioned in the lesson.</p> <h2>Important Lesson Guidance</h2> <p>There is flexibility in the materials that can be tested in this lesson and the results tables are just examples. It would be best if a wide range of materials is available for the students to test for hardness, including rocks. There is also much flexibility in terms of the size of the groups, with the recommended group size being 4 students. The students will use learning pads for the Mohs scale activity.</p>

Hardness

The Knowledge organiser for the unit Reversible and Irreversible Changes from Focus Education

Knowledge organiser - Reversible and Irreversible Changes - 4th Grade

<p>This lesson focuses on using knowledge of solids, liquids, and gases to separate mixtures through evaporation. Students will have previously learned about everyday materials and the states of matter in Kindergarten and 3rd Grade. The cross-curricular links to ICT and math are also noted, with pupils using research and calculations in their experiments. The lesson will address misconceptions related to evaporation, including that it turns the original liquid into a new substance, and that lots of heat is always required for evaporation to occur. Keywords, influential scientists, and important lesson guidance are also provided.</p> <h2>Activities</h2> <p>The lesson includes two activities: "Disappearing Water" and "Using Evaporation to Separate Solutes from Solvents." In the first activity, students will measure out 50mls of water into plastic cups, cover one cup with cling film, and observe the water loss over a week. In the second activity, students will use evaporation to separate salt from water. They will weigh a pie tin, add salt to it, measure 20mls of water and pour it into the tin, light a tealight and place it under the tin, and use a stopwatch to time how long it takes for the salt to fully dissolve.</p> <h2>Science Explained</h2> <p>The lesson explains that evaporation is a change of state from a liquid to a gas and that the heat or wind in the environment contributes to the rate of evaporation. Students will understand that water loss can be accounted for by evaporation and that the rate may be affected by factors such as airtightness and the environment.</p> <h2>Possible Questions</h2> <ul> <li>Was there a difference between the cup with film and that without after 1 week?</li> <li>Where do you think the water went?</li> <li>Which location showed the greatest water loss? Why do you think this is?</li> <li>How long do you estimate it would take for the water to evaporate completely?</li> </ul>

Separation by Evaporation

'Separating, filtering and dissolving - Thinking metacognitively' is a resource from 'How can mixtures be separated including through filtering, sieving and evaporating?', a 4th Grade Science lesson from the unit Reversible and Irreversible Changes. This lesson uses an enquiry-approach method, and will facilitate students answering the question 'How can mixtures be separated including through filtering, sieving and evaporating?'

Separating, filtering and dissolving - Thinking metacognitively

'Know it! - Reversible and Irreversible - 4th Grade' is a resource for assessing pupil knowledge at the end of the 4th Grade unit, Reversible and Irreversible Changes

Know it! - Reversible and Irreversible - 4th Grade

'Word sorts - Reversible and irreversible' is a resource for assessing pupil knowledge at the end of the 4th Grade unit, Reversible and Irreversible Changes

Word sorts - Reversible and irreversible

'Give me 3 - Reversible changes' is a resource for assessing pupil knowledge at the end of the 4th Grade unit, Reversible and Irreversible Changes

Give me 3 - Reversible changes

The Long-term overview for the unit Reversible and Irreversible Changes from Focus Education

Long-term overview - Reversible and Irreversible Changes - 4th Grade

The Progression pedagogy for the unit Reversible and Irreversible Changes from Focus Education

Progression pedagogy - Reversible and Irreversible Changes - 4th Grade

Link it! Prior knowledge is the set of initial activities that should be used to introduce the unit Reversible and Irreversible Changes from Focus Education,  it will allow pupils to link the upcoming learning to their existing skills and knowledge

Link it! Prior knowledge - Reversible and Irreversible Changes - 4th Grade

Check it! is a set of assessment for learning tasks and assessments that should be used to check pupils' understanding of the learning during the course of the unit Reversible and Irreversible Changes from Focus Education.

Check it! - Reversible and Irreversible Changes - 4th Grade

<p>This lesson aims to help students compare and group everyday materials based on their electrical and thermal conductivity. The students will also be able to give reasons for the specific uses of materials like metals, wood, and plastic. By the end of the lesson, students should be able to define the terms conductor and insulator, state which types of materials make the best thermal and electrical conductors/insulators, and link the properties of materials to their use.</p> <p>The lesson will cover a review of prior learning, including everyday materials, uses of materials, states of matter, and electricity. Cross-curricular links to history, design and technology, and mathematics will also be incorporated. The lesson aims to correct any misconceptions such as thinking all metals are good conductors of heat, and all non-metals are electrical insulators. Keywords for the lesson include conductor, insulator, thermal, heat, and deformed.</p> <p>Influential scientists such as Benjamin Franklin, Prokop Divis, and Nikola Tesla will also be discussed. The lesson will include two main activities: Thermal Conductors and Insulators and Thermal Conduction. Equipment for the activities include wooden ruler, plastic ruler, aluminium foil, paper, cotton wool, ceramic mug, cardboard, stopwatch, plastic building blocks, plastic bag, ice, mug or hard plastic cup, metal teaspoon, plastic teaspoon, wooden teaspoon or small length of dowel, and warm water. The activities will involve touch tests, recording times for ice to melt, and ranking materials based on conduction.</p> <p>The science behind the lesson will be explained, including heat moving from hot regions to cold regions, metals feeling the coldest to the touch, and why metals will melt ice first. Possible questions for the students include the differences between the touch of metals and non-metals, which will melt ice more quickly, and what type of materials make the best conductors.</p> <h2>Important Lesson Guidance</h2> <p>Teachers have the flexibility to choose a variety of materials for testing, but it is important to ensure a variety of materials for students to handle. The water used in the second activity should be safe enough for students to handle.</p>

Thermal and Electrical Conductivity

'Examples of irreversible changes - Worksheet' is a resource from 'What does reversible and irreversible changes mean?', a 4th Grade Science lesson from the unit Reversible and Irreversible Changes. This lesson uses an enquiry-approach method, and will facilitate students answering the question 'What does reversible and irreversible changes mean?'

Examples of irreversible changes - Worksheet

Show it! Group presentation is a group task that should be used to solidify student learning and should be run after the teaching of the lessons contained in the unit Reversible and Irreversible Changes from Focus Education

Show it! Group presentation - Reversible and Irreversible Changes - 4th Grade

<p>This lesson teaches pupils about the fire triangle and the importance of understanding the three elements that are needed to produce fire: heat, fuel, and oxygen. They will be introduced to the concept of combustion and how it leads to the formation of new materials. The pupils will then participate in a series of hands-on activities to reinforce their understanding of the fire triangle, including a report on the history of combustion and graphs of their experimental results. </p> <h2>Previous Learning</h2> <p>Prior to this lesson, pupils should have an understanding of the states of matter and have identified and named various everyday materials. In 3rd Grade, they learned about the states of matter and observed how some materials change state when heated or cooled.</p> <h2>Keywords</h2> <ul> <li>Fire</li> <li>Burning</li> <li>Combustion</li> <li>Oxygen</li> <li>Carbon dioxide</li> <li>Fuel</li> <li>Mass</li> </ul> <h2>Influential Scientists</h2> <ul> <li>Antoine Lavoisier</li> <li>Marianne Lavoisier</li> <li>Henry Cavendish</li> <li>Joseph Priestley</li> <li>Carl Scheele</li> </ul> <h2>Activities</h2> <h3>The Fire Triangle</h3> <p>students will work in groups of two to produce a report on the three elements of the fire triangle. They will also draw the triangle as part of their report.</p> <h3>Fire Needs Oxygen (WS)</h3> <p>students will work in groups of four to investigate the relationship between the size of a glass and the time a tealight can remain lit. They will record the results of their experiment in a table and observe the impact of the availability of oxygen on the combustion process.</p> <h3>What Happens to the Mass of the Candle When Lit? (WS)</h3> <p>students will work in groups of four to measure the mass of a tealight before and after it has been lit. They will observe the impact of combustion on the mass of the candle and record their results in a table. </p> <h2>Science Explained</h2> <p>The lesson explains the process of combustion, including the role of fuel, heat, and oxygen. The pupils will learn that the wax in a candle is the fuel, and the matches provide the heat. The available oxygen in the air is used up during combustion, leading to the formation of carbon dioxide, which then extinguishes the flame. The lesson highlights that the process of combustion is irreversible and that the carbon dioxide produced does not return to its original form as wax.</p> <h2>Important Lesson Guidance</h2> <p>Safety is the top priority in this lesson. It is important that the teacher adheres to the guidance provided and that enough materials are available for the activities, including tealight candles and narrow-gauge iron wool. </p>

Burning

<p>The main focus of this lesson is to explain that some changes result in the formation of new materials, which is not usually reversible. Students will learn about chemical reactions and the signs that indicate a reaction has occurred, such as the formation of gas, heat, or light. They will also learn to identify the products of chemical reactions. The class will also classify substances as acids, alkalis, or neutral based on their pH level, which is a measure of the ability of a substance to produce hydrogen in solution. The pH scale ranges from 1-14, with values below 7 being acidic, values above 7 being alkaline, and 7 being neutral. </p> <p>This lesson is aligned with the previous learning in Kindergarten to identify and name everyday materials and in 1st Grade to find out how solid objects' shapes can be changed. The activity will involve using pH paper and a variety of substances such as cola, lemon juice, bicarbonate of soda, vinegar, and more to classify the substances as acid, alkali, or neutral. Students will work in groups of four and follow the steps of tearing off some of the pH paper and dipping it into the sample, observing the color change, and making a judgement of the pH level. </p> <p>In the second activity, students will learn about neutralizing acids. They will measure out different amounts of vinegar and bicarbonate of soda, stir the mixture, and test the pH level until the paper turns green. They will repeat the process with different ratios of vinegar and bicarbonate of soda to understand the effect of adding more or less of either substance on the pH level. </p> <h2>Cross-Curricular Links</h2> <ul> <li>DT: Research the role of acids in etching</li> <li>math: Produce graphs of experimental results</li> <li>History: Write an essay on the role of acids in the first battery made</li> </ul> <h2>Important Lesson Guidance</h2> <p>Before the lesson, the teacher will need to obtain some cola, bicarbonate of soda, and lemon juice. For the pH classification activity, the teacher has free reign on the substances tested, as long as they are safe for students to handle. The solid samples will need to be mixed with a small amount of water for testing. In the neutralizing acids activity, the equipment required includes clear plastic cups, vinegar, bicarbonate of soda, pH paper, teaspoons, and a measuring cylinder. The students will work in groups of two. </p> <h2>Influential Scientists</h2> <p>Soren Sorensen, Jons Berzelius, Humphrey Davey. </p> <h2>Keywords</h2> <p>Irreversible, Acid, Alkali, pH scale, Neutral, Carbon Dioxide, Neutralization. </p>

Acid and Bicarbonate of Soda

<p>This lesson focuses on teaching pupils how to demonstrate that dissolving, mixing, and changes of state are reversible changes. They will learn how to compare and group everyday materials based on properties such as hardness, solubility, transparency, conductivity, and response to magnets. This lesson covers topics learned in previous years including states of matter, properties of everyday materials, and how to change the shape of solid objects.</p> <p>The cross-curricular links include ICT, where pupils can research the contents of seawater, and math, where pupils can create graphs of their experimental results. Additionally, pupils can learn about the history of metalworking and the transition from Bronze to Iron Age. Some common misconceptions, such as pure orange juice being a pure substance and air being a single substance, will be corrected in this lesson.</p> <h2>Keywords</h2> <ul> <li>Solute</li> <li>Solvent</li> <li>Solution</li> <li>Dissolving</li> <li>Soluble</li> <li>Insoluble</li> <li>Saturated</li> <li>Mixture</li> <li>Reversible</li> </ul> <h2>Influential Scientists</h2> <ul> <li>Mary Maynard</li> <li>Daly</li> <li>Linus Pauling</li> <li>Rosalind Franklin</li> <li>Stephanie Kwolek</li> </ul> <h2>Important Lesson Guidance</h2> <p>Citric acid and bicarbonate of soda are needed for the activity and can be obtained from a local secondary school or online. Bicarbonate of soda can also be purchased from a local supermarket.</p> <h2>Activity: Making a Solution</h2> <p>In this activity, each pupil in the group will be given a clear plastic cup and a solid such as salt, sugar, sand, or soil. They will fill the cup with half water, add one teaspoon of the solid, and observe if the solid dissolves. The group will share their results and fill in the table to determine if the solid is soluble or insoluble.</p> <h2>Activity: Solubility of Solutes</h2> <p>In this activity, each pupil will have their own cup, solute (salt, bicarbonate of soda, granulated sugar, or citric acid), and a set of measuring cylinders. They will measure 30ml of water, add a flat teaspoon of the solute, and stir well. The pupils will observe the water to see if the solute has dissolved and repeat the process until the saturation point is reached. The pupils will record their results and rank the solubility of each solute.</p> <p>The science behind this activity is explained by the solutes moving into the gaps between water particles when they dissolve. Once the spaces are filled, no more solute can dissolve and the saturation point is reached. The pupils will learn that the four solids being tested are solutes and the water is the solvent.</p>

Dissolving, Mixtures and Changes of State

Properties and Changes of Materials - Knowledge Organisers

'Properties of everyday materials - Worksheet' is a resource from 'How can you set up an investigation to find which materials can and cannot be changed back to their original state?', a 4th Grade Science lesson from the unit Reversible and Irreversible Changes. This lesson uses an enquiry-approach method, and will facilitate students answering the question 'How can you set up an investigation to find which materials can and cannot be changed back to their original state?'

Properties of everyday materials - Worksheet

Separation by Filtration and Sieving - Presentation is part of the lesson Separation by Filtration and Sieving    Students will learn about separation by filtration and sieving as part of their learning about properties and changes of materials, as specified by the national curriculum in England: science programmes of study.

Separation by Filtration and Sieving - Presentation

Personal, Social and Health Education (PSHE)

Properties And Changes Of Materials